Artur Virgílio Alves dos Reis (b. in Lisbon 1898 - 1955) perpetrated one of the largest fruad in history, against Bank of Portugal in 1925 often called the Portuguese Bank Note Crisis. He duped Waterlow & Sons into printing 200,000 pieces of 500 Portuguese Escudos, read the whole story here. And here the 500 note piece, and auction in 2007 for 6500Euros!